Manufacturer go green: A typology of offerings and capability requirements
通过对制造企业的多案例研究，提出三种绿色产品开发类型（内部绿色生产、外部绿色应用、重塑绿色网络），并指出每种类型所需的关键能力，帮助管理者理解绿色转型中的能力要求。
Environmental sustainability is becoming an increasingly important motivator for the development of new offerings on business-to-business markets. Taking environmental concerns into account in the creation of new offerings can increase the complexity of the offering development process. Green offering development is therefore associated with new or emphasized capability requirements. This paper aims to explore these capability requirements through a multiple case study of manufacturing firms. It introduces a typology of three distinct kinds of green offering development, and suggests capabilities that are especially important for each type of green offering. The three types of offering are: internally oriented green production, externally oriented green application, and finally, reshaped green networks, which entails modifications in the boundaries between production and use.