Local context and post‐crisis social venture creation
研究美国俄亥俄州各县在互联网泡沫危机后，地方市场和政府失灵如何影响社会企业的创建率，发现两者共同作用时社会企业创建率更高。
Abstract Research summary We investigate the effects of local market and government failure on the creation of social ventures in the context of post‐crisis recovery during the period following the dot‐com crisis and ending before the housing bubble burst across all Ohio counties. Drawing on social embeddedness theory, we posit that social venture creation rates vary across local contexts and are higher in communities characterized by market and government failures. Longitudinal contextual data from 88 Ohio counties indicates that situations characterized by failures of both types are especially conducive to the creation of local social enterprises. We address the shortage of longitudinal quantitative studies focused on the emergence of social entrepreneurship and identify conditions where the relationship between local context and social venture creation is important. Managerial summary The purpose of this article is to examine how local context affects the rate of social venture creation in the United States. We study these rates in every county in Ohio in the aftermath of a crisis and find that local government responses and local market conditions singly and in combination lead to increased rates of local social venture creation. Fewer social ventures emerge when transfer (welfare) payments are high. However, rates rise in response to high unemployment, even when welfare payments are high, and are greater when welfare payments are low. This means the extent and type of local market and government failures influence the rate of local social venture creation. Findings advance the study of domestic social entrepreneurship in the aftermath of crises.