The spillover effects of parental verbal conflict on classmates' cognitive and noncognitive outcomes
研究发现，暴露于父母言语冲突的儿童会对同班同学产生负面溢出效应，降低其心理健康、社会参与和自信心，并增加问题行为，但对考试成绩无显著影响。
Abstract This study shows that children exposed to Interparental Verbal Conflict (IPVC) exert negative spillovers on their peers. Our first identification strategy uses within‐school, across‐classroom variation in peer's IPVC in schools that randomly assign students into classrooms. Our second strategy uses within‐student, year‐to‐year changes in peer's IPVC to control for peer's pre‐existing characteristics. Both results suggest that being randomly assigned to classes where more classmates experience IPVC reduces mental wellbeing, lowers social engagement, diminishes self‐confidence, and increases the likelihood of problem behaviors. Effects operate by damaging relationships between classmates. There is no evidence of impacts on test scores or teacher behavior.