A Critical Assessment of the National Expert Survey Data of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
分析了全球创业观察（GEM）的国家专家调查（NES）数据，发现其构念效度不足且专家评价差异过大，导致无法进行有意义的跨国或纵向分析，因此不适用于政策决策。
Data collected through the National Expert Survey (NES) of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) are widely used to benchmark and assess the quality and impact of national entrepreneurial ecosystems. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the publicly available NES data, we show that the construct validity of the survey is not sufficient and that the experts differ so greatly in their evaluations of the entrepreneurial framework conditions (EFCs) in a country that meaningful cross-country and within-country (longitudinal) analyses are precluded. We conclude that the currently available NES data are not suited for motivating policy decisions.