The costs of insecurity: Pay volatility and health outcomes.
通过三项研究（小费工人、零工工人、销售金融人员）发现，薪酬波动会引发稀缺心态，导致身体症状、失眠和睡眠质量下降，且依赖波动薪酬会加剧这种负面效应。
with costs to health. Across an experience sampling study of tipped workers (Study 1) and longitudinal studies of gig workers (Study 2) and those in sales, marketing, and finance (Study 3), findings demonstrate the harmful effects of pay volatility. Specifically, pay volatility had direct or indirect effects on physical symptoms, insomnia, sleep quality, and sleep quantity. Volatile pay was found to induce a scarcity mindset, where individuals ruminate and direct cognitive resources toward remedying the source of scarcity, with worse health outcomes as a result. Neither mindfulness nor savings rate moderated the effect. Exploratory analyses in Studies 2 and 3 revealed that one's dependence on volatile pay acted as a moderator that strengthened effects. Overall, performance-based pay creates pay volatility, which is linked to psychological threat and poor physical health for employees in a broad range of industries. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).