Matching and sorting across regions
基于意大利行政数据估计的异质性工人与企业搜索匹配模型，发现工人向高生产率地区迁移能提升全国就业和产出、降低不平等，但会扩大地区生产率差距；补贴高技术岗位可减少迁移并提高就业和生产率，而补贴雇佣失业者或高技能移民则效果有限。
Abstract This article measures the effects of workers’ mobility across regions characterised by different productivity levels through the lens of a search and matching model with heterogeneous workers and firms estimated using administrative data. In an application to Italy, the model estimates imply that the relocation of workers to the most productive region boosts employment and output at the country level, reduces inequality and widens productivity gaps. There is an interplay between the sorting of workers across regions and across firms, and migration mitigates the frictions caused by worker–firm sorting. The model allows for the evaluation of general equilibrium effects of place-based policies towards the least productive region. Subsidising the creation of high-technology jobs reduces migration substantially while increasing employment and productivity. In contrast, subsidies for hiring unemployed or high-skill migrants imply indirect effects that limit policy effectiveness.