Refuse derived fuels as an immediate strategy for the energy transition, circular economy, and sustainability
讨论了垃圾衍生燃料（RDF）在促进循环经济中的作用，分析了其性质、生产过程及在欧洲、亚洲、北美和非洲的市场，指出激励措施可加速RDF采用并减少碳足迹。
Abstract The production of Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) from Municipal Solid Waste is one of the routes to attain a circular economy as it promotes the circular loop of materials and energy. Furthermore, in addition to the waste‐to‐energy approach, RDF production reduces the amount of waste disposed in landfills, thus reducing greenhouse gasses emissions and water streams' contamination. Nevertheless, there are still numerous technological constraints to RDF use, namely, its moisture content and granulometry that are highly dependent on the production process. In this context, this work discusses the contribution of RDF to the promotion of the circular economy, presenting the main RDF properties and production processes. An analysis of the RDF market in Europe, Asia, North America, and Africa was performed by analyzing imports and exports. The analysis highlights the expansion of RDF as an energy source in current times with Europe as a driving force for its integration following circular economy guidelines. However, incentives would significantly speed up RDF adoption and decrease the carbon footprint as a short‐term mitigation strategy.