A place-based system? Regional policy levers and the UK’s productivity challenge
通过访谈、文件分析和二手数据，比较英国三个区域在四种政策杠杆和四种生产力驱动因素上的差异，发现它们都缺乏权威、资金和组织来推动生产力提升。
National governments are increasingly focusing on ‘place’ in attempts to tackle economic challenges. This puts pressure on regions to deliver productivity improvements. Drawing from stakeholder interviews, document analysis and secondary data analysis, this paper considers the productivity policy levers available to regional leaders. Three UK regions are compared in relation to four policy levers (nodality; authority; treasure; organization) and four drivers of productivity (investment and innovation; transport infrastructure; entrepreneurship and employment; skills). Despite differences, all three regions can be identified as ‘nodality institutions’, lacking the authority, treasure and organization to drive productivity improvements.