Contracting creativity: patronage and creative freedom in the Italian Renaissance art market
利用1285-1530年意大利文艺复兴时期的90份绘画委托合同，研究合同如何解决创作分歧，发现企业赞助比个人赞助更有利于画家的创作自由，而画家声誉和委托金额则与创作自由负相关。
Abstract We study contractual solutions to creative disagreements in the market for original paintings using a sample of ninety commission documents from Renaissance Italy (1285–1530). We investigate the determinants of creative freedom by comparing the length of the description of the final painting with variables capturing painter-, patron-, and commission-specific characteristics. Our results suggest that corporate patronage was positively associated with creative freedom for the painter as compared to individual patrons. We also find evidence that the reputation of the painter at commission and larger commission values are negatively associated with creative freedom.