Marx’s equalised rate of exploitation
揭示马克思在《资本论》中假设剥削率均等化是劳动力流动的结果，并视为资本主义经济的一般趋势，探讨了斯密与马克思在劳动力流动概念上的联系，对理解马克思的价值理论有启示。
Abstract Marx assumes a uniform rate of exploitation throughout Capital, yet the theoretical basis for this assumption and its role in his theory of value are not widely recognised in the existing literature. This article shows that Marx assumed a tendentially equalised rate of exploitation to be the outcome of labour mobility and that he viewed this as a general tendency of capitalist economies. Marx draws extensively on Adam Smith to support his views on labour mobility and the equalised rate of exploitation. The close connection between Smith and Marx on notions of labour mobility is examined here. Understanding the role of labour mobility and the equalised rate of exploitation in Marx’s work holds implications for contemporary approaches to classical-Marxian price and value theory and supports the view that Marx’s theory of value is, in the most general sense, a theory of the allocation of social labour.