Informational value of visual nudges during crises: Improving public health outcomes through social media engagement amid COVID‐19
研究了大型机构如何利用社交媒体上的视觉图像（如口罩信息）来促进安全行为，发现Instagram上分享口罩相关图像可使新冠阳性率平均降低25%，且效果在提前3-5周时最显著。
In this study, we conceptualize and empirically evaluate how large‐scale organizations can utilize the informational value of visual nudges on social media to promote safety among users and thus improve public health outcomes in the context of the coronovirus desease caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus (COVID‐19) pandemic. We construct a unique panel dataset combining data collected from multiple public and proprietary sources. To operationalize visual nudges from user‐generated content, we engage in extensive manual classification of images collected from Instagram (IG), Twitter (TW), and Facebook (FB). To examine the relationship between visual nudging and COVID‐19 positivity, we rely on a combination of econometric and epidemiological models. We find that when institutional actors share more images containing mask‐related information on IG, their COVID‐19 positivity rates decrease by up to 25%, on average. Also, given the fragmentary evidence behind FB and TW effects, our results provide suggestive evidence of the “boundary condition” of the visual nudge effect. Finally, empirical evidence indicates the dynamic and curvilinear effect of visual nudges on positivity over time, such that the informational value of visual nudging is most prominent if communicated 3 to 5 weeks ahead of time, on average. Our results demonstrate the informational value of visual nudges communicated through pertinent social media channels, as well as their capacity to improve public health outcomes. This suggests the feasibility of institutional actors using social media engagement to promote safe behaviors. We conclude by discussing how our findings may be used to develop more effective communication strategies regarding public perceptions of mask use and other relevant safety measures.