Do agri-environment measures help improve environmental and economic efficiency? Evidence from Bavarian dairy farmers
研究了农业环境措施对巴伐利亚奶牛场环境和经济效率的影响，发现参与计划未改变经济效率，也未显著提升环境效率。
Abstract This study presents an innovative empirical application to the assessment of agri-environment measures on environmental and economic efficiency. Using a multi-equation representation with desirable technology and its accompanying undesirable by-production technology, we investigate the effects of agri-environment measures on farm-level environmental and economic efficiency. A combination of propensity score matching and a difference-in-difference approach is used to estimate the policy effect. The application focuses on a balanced sample of Bavarian dairy farms surveyed between 2013 and 2018. Results suggest that agri-environment schemes do not alter farms’ economic efficiency, whereas environmental efficiency does not seem to be stimulated by schemes participation.