Voicing Disagreement in Science: Missing Women
研究发现，在自然科学和社会科学期刊中，批评或纠正已发表研究的评论文章的女性作者比例比普通论文低20%至40%；生命科学预印本中，女性在失败复现中的参与度也低20%至40%，但在成功复现中无差异；实验还显示性别在指出和惩罚他人错误意愿上的显著差异。
Abstract This paper examines the authorship of postpublication criticisms in the scientific literature, with a focus on gender differences. Bibliometrics from journals in the natural and social sciences show that comments that criticize or correct a published study are 20% to 40% less likely than regular papers to have a female author. In preprints in the life sciences, prior to peer review, women are missing by 20% to 40% in failed replications compared to regular papers, but they are not missing in successful replications. In an experiment, I then find large gender differences in willingness to point out and penalize a mistake in someone's work.