Materialism and life satisfaction relations between and within people over time: Results of a three‐wave longitudinal study
基于6551人的三波纵向数据，用新统计方法区分人与人之间和个体内部效应，发现物质主义与生活满意度的负向关联主要存在于人与人之间，个体内部只有生活满意度会负向影响物质主义的快乐维度。
Abstract The negative association between materialism and life satisfaction is well‐documented, but it is unclear what the directionality of the association is. To address this issue, we (a) conducted a three‐wave longitudinal study ( N = 6551) over 3 years and examined the bidirectional relations between life satisfaction and materialism as a composite measure and with each of its three facets (happiness, success, and centrality), and (b) estimated Random Intercept Cross‐Lagged Panel Models (RI‐CLPMs) that separate inter‐ and intra‐individual effects and compared them with traditional CLPMs that do not. The traditional CLPM showed bidirectional negative associations between composite materialism and life satisfaction and strong negative bidirectional association for the happiness facet, but positive effects of the centrality facet on life satisfaction. However, and importantly, the RI‐CLPM revealed that these relations exist predominantly between people. Within people, materialism does not impact life satisfaction, but life satisfaction does impact the happiness facet negatively. These findings challenge common ideas that the direction of the effect is from materialism to life satisfaction and that it is unilaterally negative.