The origins of organisation: A trans-methodological approach to the historical analysis of preindustrial organisations
本文挑战工业革命催生大型组织的传统观点，通过跨方法论研究文艺复兴威尼斯公爵档案馆的微观历史案例，论证前工业时代已存在组织现象，对历史学家和商业研究者重新理解组织起源有启发。
Conventional wisdom dictates that the advent of large organisations engaging innovative managerial practices is a natural by-product of the rationality and technological advancements ensuing from the Industrial Revolution. Accordingly, except for a few studies on medieval and early modern institutions such as armies, feudal estates and governments, preindustrial organisations remain largely unexplored by historians. Arguing for a trans-methodological approach that combines the narrative construction of theoretical constructs with a comprehensive description of events within the historical context in which they evolved, I present a microhistorical case study of the ducal chancery of Renaissance Venice as an exemplar of organisation. Placing particular emphasis on the instrumentality of historical context for the study of preindustrial organisations, I foster a fresh debate on what constitutes ‘organisation’ as a unit of historical analysis, arguing that the phenomenon of organisation was conceived and given meaning in the early modern era.