The collective voice of unions and workplace training in Italy: New insights from mixed methods
通过定量与定性混合方法，研究发现意大利职场工会通过签署企业级协议和获取外部资金来促进培训，并识别出成熟效应、双轨沟通和监督职能三种渠道。
Abstract Using a three‐phase approach that combines quantitative (pooled OLS, fixed effects and IV) with qualitative (semi‐structured interviews) analyses, we find that in Italy, workplace unions are more likely to enhance training when they sign a firm‐level agreement and when they can get access to external funds for financing. We also identify three channels: what we call a ‘maturation effect’, double‐track communication and watch‐dog function. We argue that these results are consistent with the idea that the impact of workplace unions on training depends on the empowerment of its collective voice within an institutional framework that does not fit either of the standard models provided by collective and liberal market economies.