Reconstruction Aid, Public Infrastructure, and Economic Development: The Case of the Marshall Plan in Italy
利用意大利各省重建援助的差异，估计马歇尔计划对战后经济发展的影响，发现基础设施快速现代化的省份农业生产增长更快，工业和服务业就业扩张更大。
The Marshall Plan (1948-1952) was the largest aid transfer in history. This paper estimates its effects on Italy's postwar economic development. It exploits differences between Italian provinces in the value of reconstruction grants they received. Provinces that could modernize their infrastructure more quickly experienced higher increases in agricultural production, especially for perishable crops. In the same provinces, we observe larger investments in labor-saving machines, the entry of more firms into the industrial sector, and a larger expansion of the industrial and service workforces.