Creating Value Out of Waste: The Transformation of the Swedish Waste and Recycling Sector, 1970s–2010s
研究了瑞典废弃物与回收行业自1970年代以来的增长，发现1990年代中期增速加快，且增长主要由大型制造企业推动，而非仅靠政府政策。
This article examines the growth of the waste and recycling sector in Sweden since the 1970s and seeks to identify the conditions for market growth and underlying business dynamics. The article identifies a slow growth pattern at aggregate level in the 1970s, while a major shift toward higher growth rates took place only in the mid-1990s. Resembling the findings of existing studies of German and US industry counterparts, Swedish recycling companies grew larger in the 1970s and more knowledge-intensive from the 1980s. Our study concludes that the growth of the Swedish recycling industry has been driven not only by government policies addressing household waste but even more so by large manufacturing firms that have increasingly demanded more complex recycling services over time.