Analysing the development of performance measures in US federal agencies: has the GPRA Modernization Act worked?
研究了2010年《政府绩效与结果现代化法案》是否促进了美国联邦机构开发客户服务、效率、产出、质量和结果等绩效指标，发现员工熟悉度影响不大，法案沦为维持仪式性合法性的工具，而管理因素才是积极预测因素。
The Government Performance and Results Modernization Act (GPRAMA) of 2010 established new requirements to encourage performance measure development in US government agencies. This study empirically tests if the implementation of the requirements resulted in the development of performance indicators on customer service, efficiency, output, quality and outcome. By examining this neglected research area, this study finds that the familiarity of government employees with the requirements had little impact on the development of measures. This implies that the GPRAMA has been reduced to a means to maintain ceremonial legitimacy. The research also finds that managerial factors are positive predictors of the development of performance measures.