Mechanisms of metagovernance as structural challenges to levelling up in England
研究英格兰中央政府对地方治理体系的持续重组（元治理）如何通过碎片化设计、扭曲地方战略、微观管理和不信任的央地关系，制约地方实现“升级”议程所需的经济开发能力。
At the time of writing, the UK government is attempting to tackle place-based inequality through its ‘levelling up’ agenda. To be effective, such interventions require local institutions with the capacity, powers, and budgets to develop and implement long-term strategies. Multi-level metagovernance, the ongoing reorganisation of local governance systems by the central state, has become a salient political process in England, characterised by fragmented system design, distorted local strategies, micromanagement and mistrustful central–local relations. These various problems are underpinned by a problematic combination of quasi-markets and state hierarchy. Together, these metagovernance mechanisms significantly constrain local capacity to deliver economic development.