Time, equilibrium and uncertainty: Bergson and Robinson
用柏格森的哲学概念“绵延”来支持琼·罗宾逊对经济学中时间、均衡和不确定性的批评，认为经济是动态生命系统，资本积累与技术创新不可分，时间效应至关重要。
Abstract The philosophy of Henri Bergson can lend fresh perspectives on some central aspects of post-Keynesian economic thought. Bergson’s concept of duration offers philosophical reinforcement for Joan Robinson’s criticisms of the treatment of time, equilibrium and uncertainty in economics. When the economy is recognised to be a dynamic living system, in which the accumulation of capital is an historical process inseparable from technical innovation, the effect of time is of utmost importance. Duration provides greater understanding of an economy moving through historical time, while adding depth to Robinson’s doubts about the validity of utility, and consequently expected utility theory. Bergson’s philosophy of evolution and duration provides a valuable basis for understanding many of the classical issues in political economy.