The Productivity Benefits of Overeducation
利用1997-2015年加拿大省际和行业数据，发现过度教育比例每增加1%，生产率提高约3%，尤其在无形资产投资多、要求大学学历的行业以及小企业非工会员工中效果更显著。
Overeducation is an issue of concern in the public discourse that has implications for aggregate labor productivity. Extending a literature focused on individual outcomes, we find productivity-enhancing effects in Canadian data by province and industry spanning 1997–2015. Dynamic panel models with external instruments show that productivity increases by about 3% for each 1% increase in the overeducation shares. Effects are largest among industries with more intangible capital investment or with more jobs that require university education and among small-firm employees that are not unionized. Our results provide yet another argument for the benefits of postsecondary education.