The Direct and Spillover Effects of Large-Scale Affirmative Action at an Elite Brazilian University
研究了巴西一所精英大学为黑人和低收入学生保留45%入学名额的平权政策，发现该政策使受益学生早期收入提高14%，但导致顶尖学生收入大幅下降，原因包括人力资本积累减少和社交网络价值降低。
We examine the effects of an affirmative action policy at an elite Brazilian university that reserved 45% of admission slots for Black and low-income students. We find that marginally admitted students who enrolled through the affirmative action tracks experienced a 14% increase in early-career earnings. But the adoption of affirmative action also caused a large decrease in earnings for the university’s most highly ranked students. We present evidence that the negative spillover effects on highly ranked students’ earnings were driven by both a reduction in human capital accumulation and a decline in the value of networking.