Business as usual? How gamification transforms internal party democracy
研究了意大利五星运动党内投票的游戏化实践，发现游戏化并未改变传统权力动态，数字创新往往只是“一切照旧”。
This article was motivated by the question whether gamification represents a substantial innovation in internal party democracy, by contributing to change the dynamics of power within parties. To answer this question, we examine the only known case of gamification in the field of internal party voting, launched by the Italian Movimento 5 Stelle. We expected that gamified internal votes would reduce the incumbent advantage and promote party activists. Our data, however, suggest that these decision-making processes follow the same logic as the traditional ones. We thus conclude that digital innovations often end up working as “business as usual”.