Global Value Chains in Developing Countries: A Relational Perspective from Coffee and Garments
基于咖啡和服装供应链的研究，探讨国际买家市场势力与长期供应关系的互动，以及如何利用出口环节的关系提升国内链的可持续性，对研究全球价值链治理的发展经济学家有参考价值。
There is a consensus that global value chains have aided developing countries' growth. This essay highlights the governance complexities arising from participating in such chains, drawing from lessons we have learned conducting research in the coffee and garment supply chains. Market power of international buyers can lead to inefficiently low wages, prices, quality standards, and poor working conditions. At the same time, some degree of market power might be needed to sustain long-term supply relationships that are beneficial in a world with incomplete contracts. We discuss how buyers’ market power and long-term supply relationships interact and how these relationships at the export-gate could be leveraged to enhance sustainability in the domestic part of the chains. We hope that the lessons learned by combining detailed data and contextual knowledge in two specific chains—coffee and garments—have broader applicability to other global value chains.