Race of the Interviewer and Perception of Skin Color: Evidence from the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality
利用1992-1994年多城市数据，发现白人访谈员将黑人受访者肤色报告得更深，黑人访谈员将白人受访者报告得更浅，且同种族间肤色辨别更精细，种族不匹配会引入偏差。
The influence of interviewers’ race on skin color classification for white and African American survey respondents is explored using data from the Multi-City Study of Urban inequality (conducted 1992 to 1994). As hypothesized, bivariate and multivariate results reveal a compelling race-of-the-interviewer effect for both black and white respondents: White interviewers reported the skin tones of black respondents as substantially darker than did black interviewers. In turn, black interviewers categorized the skin tones of white respondents as much lighter than did white interviewers. Results also indicate that interviewers perceived greater variation in the skin tones of same-race respondents than among other-race respondents, suggesting that both black and white Americans exhibit relatively limited ability to carefully distinguish the physical characteristics of other-race persons. Finally, results show that unsuccessful attempts to match interviewers and respondents by race may have the unintended consequence of introducing important attenuating biases into analyses involving skin color. Implications for future research are discussed.