An energy‐efficient model for PPE waste management in a closed‐loop supply chain
研究了通过闭环供应链回收个人防护装备（如手套、口罩）来提升利润并减少碳排放，利用智能机械和熟练劳动力实现节能，为企业和环境可持续性提供参考。
Abstract The COVID‐19 crisis has significantly increased non‐decomposable personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, masks, and shields. The improper disposal of these items poses a serious environmental threat. The present study explores the potential of recycling PPE to not only enhance the profitability of the supply chain but also address the environmental challenges associated with disposal. Specifically, it focuses on implementing a closed‐loop approach involving the manufacturer, the customer, and the collector. An extensive literature review on inventory models was conducted, resulting in a comprehensive data set. The numerical analysis, conducted using the Generalized Reduced Gradient Solver, validates the findings. The proposed model suggests that investing in a closed‐loop supply chain, employing an energy‐efficient approach, can effectively reduce carbon emissions at every stage of the system. This can be achieved by leveraging intelligent machinery and skilled labor to meet the growing demand for PPE while minimizing energy consumption. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the importance of implementing the reduce, reuse, and recycle (3Rs) phenomenon to manage waste effectively. This study provides valuable insights for businesses aiming to optimize waste management practices and contribute to economic‐environmental‐social sustainability.