Chinese State-Owned Multinationals' (SOMNEs) Subsidiary nonmarket strategies in Selective De-globalization: An integrated perspective of co-evolution theory and the yin-yang frame
从共同进化理论和阴阳框架的整合视角，理论化中国国有跨国公司子公司在针对中国的选择性去全球化中面临的社会和地缘政治双重环境压力，提出三种非市场策略（造势、应势、无为）以应对悖论。
Subsidiaries adopt nonmarket strategies in host countries to merit legitimacy. This conceptual paper theorizes paradoxes and nonmarket strategies for Chinese SOMNEs' subsidiaries in selective de-globalization targeting China. We enrich the well-received co-evolutionary framework in the IB literature by incorporating the Yin-Yang frame into the analysis and broadening the scope of thinking beyond the economic analysis of risks and costs in political disruptions on MNE subsidiaries. Our integrated theoretical framework highlights two dynamic environments (social and geopolitical) that subsidiaries simultaneously confront and the multi-level institutional pressures within these environments. We propose three Yin-Yang framed nonmarket strategies — zao-shi (造势) (creating favorable momentum), ying-shi (应势) (Not resisting unfavorable momentum) and wu-wei (无为) (inactive action) to address the paradoxes in a de-globalized business environment.