Hidden Income and the Perceived Returns to Migration
通过肯尼亚的实地实验，发现农村居民低估城市收入是迁移率低的原因之一，因为移民会向家人隐藏收入以减少汇款义务。提供城市收入信息后，迁移率两年内提高了约40%。
In many developing economies, urban workers earn substantially more than rural workers with the same level of education. Why don't more rural workers migrate to cities? I use two field experiments in Kenya to show that low migration is partly due to underestimation of urban incomes, which is sustained by income hiding by migrants. Parents at the origin underestimate their migrant children's incomes by nearly half, and underestimation is greater when a migrant's remittance obligations are high. Providing information about urban earnings increases migration to the capital city by about 40 percent over two years.