Psychological Contracts at Different Levels: The Cross-Level and Comparative Multilevel Effects of Team Psychological Contract Fulfillment
研究团队心理契约履行对团队和个体情感及结果的影响，发现团队履行通过情感氛围影响团队投入和离职意向，个体履行通过个体情感影响个体投入和离职意向，且团队履行调节个体履行与离职意向的关系。
Taking a multi-level perspective on the psychological contract (PC), this study investigates the overlooked but critical role of team psychological contract fulfillment in shaping team and individual-level affect and outcomes. It examines the dynamics associated with employer PC Fulfillment (PCF) to the team and compares them to the dynamics regarding employer PCF of the individual’s own psychological contract. Guided by psychological contracts and self-regulation theories, we surveyed 504 individuals in 69 retail organization teams at two time periods. At the team level, findings support an indirect effect of team PCF on both team engagement and average turnover intention through affective climate. Similarly, at the individual level, we find an indirect effect of individual PCF on both engagement and turnover intentions through individual affect. Tests of scalar and configural similarity across levels support functional isomorphism between individual and team PCF relationships with engagement, while turnover intention is more highly related to individual than to team PCF. Last, we observe cross-level effects of team PCF on the relationship between individual PCF and turnover intentions. We present implications for multi-level PC theory, research, and practice.