Schooling, Skill Demand, and Differential Fertility in the Process of Structural Transformation
研究了20世纪初美国父母减少生育数量、增加教育投资的决策如何推动劳动力从低技能农业向高技能非农业部门转移，发现这种数量-质量权衡解释了约三分之一的农业就业份额下降。
Demography and structural transformation are interrelated, and depend critically on education. At the turn of the twentieth century, US parents began having fewer children while increasing educational investment per child. This quantity-quality tradeoff facilitated job reallocation from the low-skilled agricultural sector to the high-skilled nonagricultural sector. This transformation is examined in a heterogeneous agent model with a nondegenerate human capital distribution, focusing on how fertility and education decisions affect structural transformation. The result shows that the quantity-quality decisions account for up to approximately one-third of the decline in the agricultural employment share.