Karl Wennberg and Christian Sandström, eds. Questioning the Entrepreneurial State: Status-Quo, Pitfalls, and the Need for Credible Innovation Policy
集质疑公共部门主导创新商业化的有效性，认为政府更适合立法监管而非技术开发，并回应了Mazzucato关于公共资金驱动核心技术突破的观点及其在欧洲的政策误读。
A Moonshot Guide to Changing Capitalism.The main thread of the arguments in the edited volume is that efforts organized in the public sector to commercialize innovation have mainly been ineffective because publicly governed organizations are not designed for that purpose.The government-particularly the federal government-is better at legislating, regulating, and adjudicating than at developing new technologies into innovations like the smartphone and the jetliner.These arguments are compelling both individually and collectively, although they don't respond squarely or comprehensively to several of Mazzucato's most important insights, which do not so much advocate that the government achieve such innovations.Rather, the core of Mazzucato's 2011 idea is that the technologies underlying many important commercialized innovations were originally developed in publicly funded research laboratories for purposes such as military defense, space exploration, effective program administration, and the like.In many of these public-sector innovation initiatives (such as the moonshot program launched by President Kennedy in 1962, which is highlighted in Mazzucato's 2021 book), institutions in the private sector were deeply involved first as contractors and subcontractors in the production of the innovations and then in subsequent commercialization efforts for publicly funded technologies.Thus, Mazzucato's account (2011, 2021) of the public sector's role as a generative force in the development of commercially viable technologies is more nuanced than is often acknowledged.This disconnect is explained in part by the ways in which Mazzucato's ideas were implemented, particularly in the European countries from which many of the contributing authors in Questioning the Entrepreneurial State hail.As Wennberg and Sandstro ¨m suggest in their introductory essay, the idea of an entrepreneurial state was interpreted in many countries as an invitation to recraft industrial policy to target specific industries and to put bureaucrats in charge of technological decisions.Thus, this volume is as much a response to the interpretations in these countries of the implications of Mazzucato's The Entrepreneurial State as it is a response to Mazzucato's 2011 and 2021 books themselves.So where does that leave us?All three books provide important guideposts for organizing collective effort to develop the kinds of technologies needed to ORCID iD