Rethinking resource enclavity in developing countries: Embedding Global Production Networks in gold mining regions
探讨金矿开采在发展中国家如何适应疫情后变化，指出政府将采矿列为“必需”行业反而强化了其飞地性，使企业放弃企业社会责任策略，无法带动当地经济发展。
Abstract This article explores how the gold mining sector has adapted and evolved in developing countries since the onset of the global pandemic. A major criticism of capital-intensive gold mines has been that they occur as enclaves which fail to catalyze local economic development. Pre-pandemic, the pressure applied by NGOs and donors on gold mining companies to ‘de-enclave’ was steadily building. It has since dissipated, however, because many governments have declared mining an ‘essential’ industry. This decision has further entrenched the sector’s enclavity by justifying companies’ moves to continue operating in isolation and abandon their traditional Corporate Social Responsibility strategies.