Managing multi-tiered innovation ecosystems
研究创新生态系统的协调者如何根据互补者在蓝图中的不确定领域，创建不同治理层级，以管理其与多种异质互补者的关系，对关注生态系统治理的学者和实践者有用。
We study how orchestrators of innovation ecosystems govern their relationships with multiple heterogeneous complementors that differ in their positions and activities that contribute to an integrated value proposition. Prior research has focused on ecosystem-wide and complementor-specific governance, each not suited to adequately address the challenges of this context. Building on a multiple-case study in the financial services sector, our findings demonstrate that orchestrators create distinctly governed tiers of complementors based on the domains of uncertainty underlying their ecosystem blueprint. The organizational form and coordination mechanisms of these tiers reflect the convergent or explorative role of complementors in the core or the periphery of the blueprint. We contribute to ecosystem governance by introducing complementor tiers as a governance approach that blends elements of ecosystem-wide and complementor-specific governance and by linking governance choices to uncertainty and complementor roles. Furthermore, we discuss the potential for future research at the intersection of ecosystem and open innovation governance.