Business cycles, sectoral price stabilization, and climate change mitigation: A model of multi-sector growth in the tradition of the Bielefeld disequilibrium approach
本文构建了一个基于比勒费尔德非均衡方法的环境扩展动态模型，评估部门政策在稳定价格和加速低碳转型中的效果，发现税收补贴方案最有效。
Sectoral price stabilization is critical in the pressing context of de-globalization and the climate crisis. Strategic price controls may be effective in reducing economic volatility, but fail to curb emissions, unlike quantity controls such as rationing consumption. In contrast, carbon pricing may accelerate decarbonization, but generate inflationary pressures. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of sector-oriented policies in stabilizing sectoral prices and accelerating the low-carbon transition at the same time, this paper employs a novel environmentally-extended, data-driven dynamic model of multi-sector growth based on the Bielefeld disequilibrium approach to the microeconomic stability of competitive economies. The general composite model allows to empirically characterize the network structure and intensity of dynamic price-quantity interactions at the sector level, which capture heterogeneous firm behavior by integrating long-run Walrasian price and classical quantity dynamics coupled with short-run Keynesian features in the form of target rate of return pricing and demand-led investment. A Bayesian hierarchical model on US BEA data empirically estimates the linear adjustment coefficients and stable combinations are computed. The US economy is shown to feature a highly hierarchical network structure of intermediate production that is particularly vulnerable to micro-economic shocks driven by wars and climate change. Tax-subsidy schemes are shown to be the most effective in stabilizing sectoral prices and economy-environment interactions.