The Short- and Longer-Term Effects of a Child Labor Ban
研究了1998年巴西将最低就业年龄从14岁提高到16岁的法律是否减少了童工并提高了入学率，以及这些效应是否持续到16岁之后。对城市男孩群体影响显著，童工减少35%，仅上学比例增加11%，且效应持续。
Abstract This paper investigates whether the 1998 Brazilian law that increased the minimum employment age from 14 to 16 lowered child labor and increased school attendance and whether those effects persisted beyond age 16. Using a regression discontinuity design, the results indicate that the ban had a significant impact on urban boys, a cohort that represents half of all paid child labor in Brazil. This cohort had a 35 percent decrease in paid labor, driven mainly by a decrease in informal work, and an 11 percent increase in the share of those only attending school. In addition, there is evidence that these effects persist past the age of enforcement where the affected cohort was less likely to work and more likely to be only attending school beyond age 16. Overall, the results suggest that enforced bans on child labor can have significant immediate and persistent impacts on affected populations.