2020 Near-roadway population census, traffic exposure and equity in the United States
利用2018年交通数据和2020年人口普查数据，分析了美国高交通流量道路附近人口规模与人口构成的变化，发现24%的人口居住在高流量道路附近，且交通暴露在种族、民族和收入上存在显著不平等。
We present an updated analysis of the size and demographic composition of the United States (U.S.) population living near high traffic volume roadways where the risk of negative health outcomes from traffic-related air pollution exposure is elevated using traffic data from 2018 and 2020 census data. We also evaluate disparities in traffic exposure by race, ethnicity, and income using refined equity analysis methods and break down our analysis by light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicle traffic. We find that 24 % of the U.S. population now lives near high-volume roadways, a larger share than 10 years ago. We also find statistically significant associations between higher levels of traffic exposure and greater proportions of people of color and lower household incomes in 89 % of U.S. counties. The increasing size of the near-roadway population, persistent and widespread inequities, and rapidly growing truck traffic raise significant public health and environmental justice concerns.