Innovation and the labor market: theory, evidence, and challenges
梳理创新与劳动力市场的复杂关系，分析新技术对就业、技能和工资的影响，并基于美国专利的自然语言处理，展示机器人及人工智能等自动化技术的分布情况。
Abstract This paper deals with the complex relationship between innovation and the labor market, analyzing the impact of new technological advancements on overall employment, skills, and wages. After a critical review of the extant literature and the available empirical studies, novel evidence is presented on the distribution of labor-saving automation [namely robotics and artificial intelligence (AI)], based on natural language processing of US patents. This mapping shows that both upstream high-tech providers and downstream users of new technologies—such as Boeing and Amazon—lead the underlying innovative effort.