Was It a “Fatal Error”? Sraffa and Samuelson on Marshall's Partial Equilibria Method
比较了斯拉法和萨缪尔森对马歇尔局部均衡模型的分析，发现两人得出截然不同的结论，并通过考察斯拉法未发表手稿，揭示了他对局部均衡方法看法的转变，有助于理解经济学方法论争议。
Abstract Sraffa's “On the Relations between Cost and Quantity Produced” (1925) and Samuelson's “An Exact Hume-Ricardo-Marshall Model of International Trade” (1971) presented a strikingly similar analytical argument regarding the theoretical domain of Marshallian partial equilibrium models. Yet they reached radically different conclusions from their analyses. This article addresses this theoretical puzzle and proposes a plausible solution. To this end, the article reconstructs the evolution of Sraffa's and Samuelson's thinking on Marshallian partial equilibrium analysis and the evolution of Samuelson's thinking regarding Sraffa's 1926 critique of Marshallian economics. Sraffa's unpublished manuscripts to which Samuelson did not have access during his lifetime are carefully examined. A change in Sraffa's assessment of Marshallian partial equilibrium methodology that occurred in the second half of the 1920s is highlighted. This leads to new insights into Sraffa's thinking on the role and significance of the case of constant costs within Marshallian economics.