Geopolitical Decoupling in Global Production Networks
研究了伊朗汽车产业如何因经济制裁而被迫与全球生产网络脱钩，分析了国家和企业应对地缘政治脱钩的策略，对关注制裁影响和产业地理的学者有参考价值。
GEOPOLITICAL DECOUPLING IN GPNs 139Iran was analyzed because it was the most sanctioned country in the world with the most stringent sanctions before 2022 (Farzanegan and Batmanghelidj 2023), and its automotive industry, which was the sixteenth largest vehicle producer in the world in 2022 (Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobile [OICA] 2023), has specifically been targeted by economic sanctions that have aimed to decouple it from foreign lead firms and GPNs.To the best of my knowledge, research on the Iranian automotive industry by economic geographers is almost nonexistent because of the difficulties in obtaining relevant data and information, including the impossibility of conducting field research by foreign scholars in Iran.To overcome this obstacle, this article relies on the collection and analysis of secondary data and information (St Martin and Pavlovskaya 2010) from various foreign and Iranian sources, including grey literature (Mahood, Van Eerd, and Irvin 2014).The detailed account and history of the Iranian automotive industry is beyond the scope of this article and has been done elsewhere (e.g., Alizadeh 2013; Manteghi 2013; Mehri 2017; Razavi and Alaedini 2018), as is the history of the economic sanctions imposed on Iran (e.g., Rivlin 2019; Gheibi 2022).The focus here is on geopolitical decoupling and the strategies of actors, such as states and firms, to cope with geopolitical decoupling.The article is organized as follows: The next section introduces and conceptualizes geopolitical decoupling, including the role of states, strategic responses of firms, and consequences for host regions.The section following introduces the Iranian automotive industry and considers its position in the world automotive industry.The penultimate section investigates geopolitical decouplings from GPNs in the Iranian automotive industry.Finally, the results are summarized and evaluated in the conclusion.