Out of sight out of mind? Voter attitudes about cooperation with radical parties in Europe*
通过德国和意大利8000多名受访者的调查实验，研究选民在知晓主流政党与激进政党合作时，是否因合作发生在国内或欧盟层面而态度不同，发现选民普遍反对此类合作，且态度不受合作层面影响。
Do voters view cooperation between mainstream and radical parties differently when it occurs at the European as opposed to national level, and if so, why? Using an original survey experiment with over 8000 respondents from Germany and Italy, this paper explores how voters react to cooperation with radical political parties at the national and EU levels once they are made aware that such cooperation is occurring. Our results show that voters react negatively to cooperation with radical political parties. We find that when voters are aware of such cooperation, they express similar levels of disapproval regardless of whether it occurs domestically or in the EU. These results have implications for our understanding of domestic and EU political processes, and point to the role of information as a fundamental factor enabling accountability at the European level.