Improving Memory Search Through Model-Based Cue Selection
研究构建了一个计算模型来预测哪些线索能有效帮助记忆搜索，实验发现模型选出的最佳线索比最差线索让参与者多回忆出更多内容，解释了有效线索如何激活与剩余记忆最相关的上下文。
We often use cues from our environment when we get stuck searching our memories, but prior research has failed to show benefits of cuing with other, randomly selected list items during memory search. What accounts for this discrepancy? We proposed that cues’ content critically determines their effectiveness and sought to select the right cues by building a computational model of how cues affect memory search. Participants ( N = 195 young adults from the United States) recalled significantly more items when receiving our model’s best (vs. worst) cue. Our model provides an account of why some cues better aid recall: Effective cues activate contexts most similar to the remaining items’ contexts, facilitating recall in an unsearched area of memory. We discuss our contributions in relation to prominent theories about the effect of external cues.