Distinct Inhibitory-Control Processes Underlie Children’s Judgments of Fairness
研究通过追踪5-8岁儿童和成人在资源分配任务中的手指运动，区分了两种抑制控制过程：一种用于检测信息冲突，另一种用于解决冲突，并发现不同不公平情境下这些过程的发展差异。
We examined how 5- to 8-year-olds ( N = 51; M age = 83 months; 27 female, 24 male; 69% White, 12% Black/African American, 8% Asian/Asian American, 6% Hispanic, 6% not reported) and adults ( N = 18; M age = 20.13 years; 11 female, 7 male) accepted or rejected different distributions of resources between themselves and others. We used a reach-tracking method to track finger movement in 3D space over time. This allowed us to dissociate two inhibitory processes. One involved pausing motor responses to detect conflict between observed information and how participants thought resources should be divided; the other involved resolving the conflict between the response and the alternative. Reasoning about disadvantageous inequities involved more of the first system, and this was stable across development. Reasoning about advantageous inequities involved more of the second system and showed more of a developmental progression. Generally, reach tracking offers an on-line measure of inhibitory control for the study of cognition.