How entrepreneurs influence their employees’ job satisfaction: The double-edged sword of proactive personality
研究企业家主动型人格如何通过影响员工工作设计（工作需求、控制感、社会支持）进而影响员工职业满意度，发现企业稳定性起调节作用，不稳定时产生负面效应，稳定时产生正面效应。
This paper aims to enhance our understanding of work and wellbeing in the entrepreneurial society. We integrate research on proactive personality (PP) and job design to explore how entrepreneurs’ PP impacts their employees’ job satisfaction by shaping employee job design in a multi-source multilevel study of 43 entrepreneurs/firms and 511 of their employees. In contexts of firm instability, entrepreneurs’ PP was negatively associated with employee job satisfaction due to higher employee job demands. In stable firms, PP related positively to employee job satisfaction due to higher employee job control and social support. We replicate these findings for mental health as a broader indicator of employee wellbeing. Our study extends research on entrepreneur PP by considering its effect on employees. It advances understanding of the bright and dark sides of PP for others in the organization, and contributes new insights on the origins of job design and the quality of work in entrepreneur-led firms.