Overcoming the dark side of subnational start-up support policies: a pilot project for facilitating cross-border cooperation in Europe
研究了多层级政府下创业扶持政策碎片化的问题，基于加利西亚-北葡萄牙欧洲区域的合作项目，为研究机构、企业和政策制定者提供跨境合作中建立有效伙伴关系、优先目标和实现实质性影响的实用指导。
Business start-up support policies have gained significant attention from policymakers, largely due to their immediate impacts and the positive media coverage they receive. However, the widespread adoption of these policies has often led to a fragmented landscape characterised by limited coordination, especially in countries with multi-tiered governmental structures. As a result, the full potential of public investments is hindered. This study aims to identify and address the key challenges associated with these policies, offering valuable insights drawn from a collaborative initiative within the Galicia–Northern Portugal Euroregion. The findings provide practical and scalable guidance for research institutions, businesses, and policymakers seeking to establish effective partnerships, prioritise objectives and achieve substantial impact in cross-border regions.