Weighted Utility and Optimism/Pessimism: A Decision-Theoretic Foundation of Various Stochastic Dominance Orders
证明，概率分布的似然比占优等价于所有加权效用函数偏好前者；而风险率占优（或逆风险率占优）则等价于所有乐观（或悲观）决策者偏好前者。
We show that a probability distribution likelihood ratio dominates another distribution if and only if, for every weighted utility function, the former is preferred over the latter. Likewise, a probability distribution hazard rate (or reverse hazard rate) dominates another distribution if and only if, the former is preferred by every optimistic (or pessimistic) decision maker.