Entrepreneurial governance and the nature of the entrepreneurial firm
基于交易成本经济学中对企业类型的早期区分，将创业治理模式维度化，并区别于其他治理模式，指出其关键维度是产权分配，表现为资本治理与劳动治理的混合体，进而推导创业企业应具备的法律和组织特征，为创业研究提出新方向。
Abstract Everyone uses—but no one defines—the term “entrepreneurial firm.” Nobel laureate Oliver Williamson described the entrepreneurial firm as “a special challenge” to the theory of the firm. Organization scholars struggle with the “evergreen problem” of whether “entrepreneurial organizations are distinct from established organizations.” Building on a rarely used distinction in early transaction cost economics between “capitalist,” “entrepreneurial,” and “collective” enterprises, an entrepreneurial governance mode is here dimensionalized and distinguished from other modes of governing an enterprise. The critical dimension is the allocation of property rights, whereby entrepreneurial governance can be characterized as a hybrid between capital governance and labor governance. This notion is then used to derive the conditions that other relevant legal and organizational traits of the entrepreneurial firm should satisfy to be compatible with this hybrid character. The conclusions indicate three main trails for a new research agenda in a structural view of entrepreneurship: new organizational dimensions and forms; the design of ownership structures; and entrepreneurship and law.