Antiretroviral Therapy Coverage, Entrepreneurship, and Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
利用抗逆转录病毒药物价格大幅下降带来的治疗覆盖率提升，发现覆盖率每增加1%与新增有限责任公司数量增加1.5%相关，但对自雇创业无显著影响，且治疗覆盖率对发展的促进作用在创业活动少的国家更强。
Improvements in the health capital of citizens are central to the development of countries. By exploiting steep decreases in antiretroviral drug prices and the subsequent increases in antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage, we test whether the resulting improvements in the health of the population are associated with the prevalence of entrepreneurial activity and whether entrepreneurial activity strengthens the relationship between ART coverage and a country’s development. Drawing on a sample of 87 low- and middle-income countries (2006–2019), we find that a 1% increase in ART coverage is associated with a 1.5% increase in the number of newly registered limited liability firms; however, there is no significant relationship with (male or female) self-employment. Higher ART coverage is particularly associated with development—as proxied by gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and the Human Development Index—in countries with low levels of new business formation and high proportions of self-employment.