Childhood trauma and entrepreneurs’ individual entrepreneurial orientation
研究童年创伤经历如何影响创业者的个人创业导向，发现创伤经历通过提升促进焦点和增加自我去人性化来增强创业导向，且对违规型创业者影响更强。
Experiencing childhood trauma (that is, neglect/abuse) threatens the cognition, behavior, and well-being of individuals.In this paper, we examine whether and how childhood traumatic experiences, which go along with being an underdog entrepreneur, influence entrepreneurs' individual entrepreneurial orientation (Ind.EO).Examining two samples of small-business entrepreneurs in the UK, we find that (i) traumatic childhood experiences boost entrepreneurs' Ind.EO; (ii) this positive effect is the net result of an increase in promotion (relative to prevention) regulatory focus and an increase in self-dehumanization.Moreover, the positive impact of traumatic childhood experiences on entrepreneurs' Ind.EO is stronger for rule-breaking entrepreneurs.