Labor scarcity, technology adoption and innovation: evidence from the cholera pandemics in 19th century France
利用1832、1849和1854年霍乱在法国不同地区的传播差异，研究发现劳动力稀缺短期内促进了农业技术采用和创新，但抑制了工业技术采用，这可通过人力资本形成来解释。
Abstract To analyze the impact of labor scarcity on technology adoption and innovation, this study uses the differential spread of cholera across France in 1832, 1849 and 1854, before the transmission mode of this disease was understood. The results suggest that a larger share of cholera deaths in the population, which can be causally linked to summer temperature levels, had a positive and significant short-run effect on technology adoption and innovation in agriculture but a negative and significant short-run impact on technology adoption in industry. These results can be explained by the positive impact of labor scarcity on human capital formation.